Grade 8
Direct and Indirect Speech
Direct speech means
when we say or quote the actual words of a speaker while an indirect speech
means when we say or report what a speaker said without quoting the exact words
of a speaker. An indirect speech is also called a reported speech. Examples:
Akan said, “ I am very
hungry.” (direct speech)
Akan said that he was
very hungry. (indirect speech)
Points to Consider in Direct and Indirect Speech
- Reporting
Speech: The first part in the direct speech.
- Reported
Speech: The second part of the sentence, which is
closed in inverted commas or quotation marks.
- Reporting
Verb: The verb of the reporting speech.
- Reported
Verb: The verb of the reported speech.
A.
Changes
in Tense
|
Tense
|
Direct Speech
|
Reported Speech
|
|
present simple
|
I like ice cream
|
Past simple
She said (that) she liked ice cream.
|
|
present continuous
|
I am living in London
|
Past continuous
She said (that) she was living in London.
|
|
past simple
|
I bought a car
|
Past perfect
She said (that) she had bought a car
|
|
past continuous
|
I was walking along the street
|
Past perfect continuous
She said (that) she had been walking along the street.
|
|
present perfect
|
I haven't seen Julie
|
Past perfect
She said (that) she hadn't seen Julie.
|
|
past perfect*
|
I had taken English lessons before
|
Past perfect
She said (that) she had taken English lessons before.
|
|
Will
|
I'll see you later
|
She said (that) she would see me later.
|
|
would*
|
I would help, but..”
|
She said (that) she would help but...
|
|
Can
|
I can speak perfect English
|
She said (that) she could speak perfect English.
|
|
could*
|
I could swim when I was four
|
She said (that) she could swim when she was four.
|
|
Shall
|
I shall come later
|
She said (that) she would come later.
|
|
should*
|
I should call my mother
|
She said (that) she should call her mother
|
|
might*
|
I might be late
|
She said (that) she might be late
|
|
Must
|
I must study at the weekend
|
She said (that) she must study at the weekend OR She said
she had to study at the weekend
|
B.
Changes
in adverbs and other important words
|
Words
|
Changed
Into
|
Direct
Speech
|
Indirect
Speech
|
|
This
|
That
|
He says, “He wants to buy this book.”
|
He says that he wants to buy that book.
|
|
These
|
Those
|
He says, “He wants to buy these books.”
|
He says that he wants to buy those books.
|
|
Here
|
There
|
She says, “Everybody was here.”
|
She says that everybody was there.
|
|
Now
|
Then
|
They say, “It’s ten o’clock now.”
|
They say that it’s ten o’clock then.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Today
|
That Day
|
She said, “I am going to London today.”
|
She said that she was going to London that day.
|
|
Yesterday
|
The Previous Day
|
She said, “I visited Oxford University yesterday.”
|
She said that she had visited Oxford University the
previous day.
|
|
Tomorrow
|
Following Day or Next Day
|
She said, “I am going to London tomorrow.”
|
She said that she was going to London the next day.
|
|
Tonight
|
That Night
|
She said, “I am going to see him tonight.”
|
She said that she was going to see him that night.
|
Assignment:
Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1.He said, "I like this song."
→ He said -------------------------------------
2."Where is your sister?" she asked me.
→ She asked me---------------------------------
3."I don't speak Italian," she said.
→ She said --------------------------------
4."Say hello to Jim," they said.
→ They asked me -------------------------------
5."The film began at seven o'clock," he said.
→ He said-----------------------------------------------
Diphthong /Ↄi/
To pronounce
the diphthong /Ↄi/, you start with /Ↄ/ and let the tongue move gradually in a gliding movement
towards the position for the production of /i/, then, the /Ↄi/ sound is produced.
Spelling the /Ↄi/ sound:
oi oy
choice boy
avoid coy
point toy
toil joy
poison enjoy
coil Joyce
noise oyster
foil joystick
joint joyful
boil joyous
Assignment: With five examples each,
state the spelling symbols for /Ↄi/ sound.
Submit your assignment through this
mail-terhembatse1987@yahoo.com
Comments
Post a Comment